Feral Horses in Miller Creek

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Update 5/27/2026:


The county commissioners opened a public hearing on a draft resolution related to the feral horses at their June 11 public hearing meeting, and also took public comment. Click here to view the meeting recording.


The draft resolution is not final and could be updated based on resident feedback and other information.

The hearing is expected to be open for at least 30 days. Residents are invited to submit public comment on this draft resolution using the comment tool below. When another meeting is set, project followers will be notified of this meeting date. Follow this project page at the right-hand side of this page.

Click here to read the draft resolution.


Residents are welcome to come to the next public hearing meeting on Thursday, July 23.

  • In-person location: Sophie Moiese Room, Missoula County Courthouse Annex, 200 West Broadway, Missoula
  • Virtual option: Residents can attend the meeting via Microsoft Teams. To join the call on your phone, call 406-272-4824, Conference ID 467 457 758#. To join the meeting on your device, follow the links on the agenda that will be published at http://missoula.co/bccmeetings




Project Background

It is not clear under state law which agency, if any, has jurisdiction to manage feral horses in Montana. After discussing the issue with the Montana Department of Livestock, Missoula County convened the following agency representatives with subject matter expertise in land and livestock management, ecology and law enforcement:

  • Dan Bugni, Lindsey Simon, Dustin Datisman, Jay Bodner, Tahnee Szymanski – Montana Department of Livestock
  • Chuck Casper – MPG Ranch
  • Natalie Sullivan – MSU Extension Office
  • Randy Arnold – Missoula County Lands, Culture and Recreation
  • Chris Lounsbury – Missoula County Commissioners’ Office
  • Paul Pfau – Montana Highway Patrol
  • Jeremiah Petersen – Missoula County Sheriff’s Office
  • Bryce Christians – Missoula County Ecology and Extension
  • Chet Crowser – Missoula County Office of Lands and Communities
  • Bart Morris – Oxbow Cattle Co.


The group discussed the following considerations:


History & Biology

Feral horses have been part of the Missoula County landscape for more than a century, with historical accounts dating back to the early 1900s. Private landowners have periodically conducted roundups of feral horses on their properties, The roundups most recently occurred in 1991, 2003, 2012 and 2023 (in the most recent roundup, the horses were sold to buyers interested in their rodeo stock lineage). Horses continue to remain in the area today, and a smaller band has moved closer to residential areas, raising new questions about safety and management.

  • Horses require about 35 acres per head for sustainable grazing, based on the Animal Unit Month (AUM) standard.
  • Development pressures are reducing available range.
  • Populations can double every 4 to 5 years, and gestation lasts about 11 months.
  • Several bands exist in the Miller Creek and surrounding areas, with some groups consistently in residential subdivisions.


Health Concerns

  • Feral horses pose limited risk to other species, but domestic horses can be affected.
  • Diseases of concern include EHV-1, influenza, equine infectious anemia, salmonella, pigeon fever and equine piroplasmosis (which can remain undetected for long periods).
  • The spread of disease can impact the livelihood of landowners in the area who depend on domestic horses to conduct business.
  • Vaccines exist for some diseases but are not fully preventative. There are also logistical considerations around how to contain and vaccinate the feral horses.


Public Safety

  • A documented vehicle collision occurred in September 2025, resulting in the death of one of the feral stallions.
  • Horses can weigh up to 1,500 lbs., creating significant hazards on roadways.
  • Stallions may be aggressive and territorial, especially near homes.
  • Horse bites are extremely strong — capable of crushing bone without breaking the skin.
  • Dogs and horses do not mix well; protective instincts around foals increase risk to both animals.


Legal and Jurisdiction Considerations

  • Horses are considered abandoned livestock, not wildlife. This differs from urban deer and other wildlife, which fall the authority under Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks.
  • Jurisdiction primarily falls to private landowners, county and state entities, not federal. The horses primarily being on private property is the main complicating factor; if they were on public land, government agencies would have clearer jurisdiction.
  • Relevant Montana Code Annotated sections:
    • Abandoned Horses: MCA § 81-4-5
    • Estray Horses: MCA § 81-4-6
    • Herd Districts: MCA § 81-4-3
    • Additional legal framework: Title 81, Livestock


Community Perspectives

  • Many residents value the horses and want to see them documented and monitored.
  • Others express concerns about safety, property damage, and disease transmission.
  • Local agricultural producers worry about the spread of disease and other impacts on domestic horses and business operations.

Update 5/27/2026:


The county commissioners opened a public hearing on a draft resolution related to the feral horses at their June 11 public hearing meeting, and also took public comment. Click here to view the meeting recording.


The draft resolution is not final and could be updated based on resident feedback and other information.

The hearing is expected to be open for at least 30 days. Residents are invited to submit public comment on this draft resolution using the comment tool below. When another meeting is set, project followers will be notified of this meeting date. Follow this project page at the right-hand side of this page.

Click here to read the draft resolution.


Residents are welcome to come to the next public hearing meeting on Thursday, July 23.

  • In-person location: Sophie Moiese Room, Missoula County Courthouse Annex, 200 West Broadway, Missoula
  • Virtual option: Residents can attend the meeting via Microsoft Teams. To join the call on your phone, call 406-272-4824, Conference ID 467 457 758#. To join the meeting on your device, follow the links on the agenda that will be published at http://missoula.co/bccmeetings




Project Background

It is not clear under state law which agency, if any, has jurisdiction to manage feral horses in Montana. After discussing the issue with the Montana Department of Livestock, Missoula County convened the following agency representatives with subject matter expertise in land and livestock management, ecology and law enforcement:

  • Dan Bugni, Lindsey Simon, Dustin Datisman, Jay Bodner, Tahnee Szymanski – Montana Department of Livestock
  • Chuck Casper – MPG Ranch
  • Natalie Sullivan – MSU Extension Office
  • Randy Arnold – Missoula County Lands, Culture and Recreation
  • Chris Lounsbury – Missoula County Commissioners’ Office
  • Paul Pfau – Montana Highway Patrol
  • Jeremiah Petersen – Missoula County Sheriff’s Office
  • Bryce Christians – Missoula County Ecology and Extension
  • Chet Crowser – Missoula County Office of Lands and Communities
  • Bart Morris – Oxbow Cattle Co.


The group discussed the following considerations:


History & Biology

Feral horses have been part of the Missoula County landscape for more than a century, with historical accounts dating back to the early 1900s. Private landowners have periodically conducted roundups of feral horses on their properties, The roundups most recently occurred in 1991, 2003, 2012 and 2023 (in the most recent roundup, the horses were sold to buyers interested in their rodeo stock lineage). Horses continue to remain in the area today, and a smaller band has moved closer to residential areas, raising new questions about safety and management.

  • Horses require about 35 acres per head for sustainable grazing, based on the Animal Unit Month (AUM) standard.
  • Development pressures are reducing available range.
  • Populations can double every 4 to 5 years, and gestation lasts about 11 months.
  • Several bands exist in the Miller Creek and surrounding areas, with some groups consistently in residential subdivisions.


Health Concerns

  • Feral horses pose limited risk to other species, but domestic horses can be affected.
  • Diseases of concern include EHV-1, influenza, equine infectious anemia, salmonella, pigeon fever and equine piroplasmosis (which can remain undetected for long periods).
  • The spread of disease can impact the livelihood of landowners in the area who depend on domestic horses to conduct business.
  • Vaccines exist for some diseases but are not fully preventative. There are also logistical considerations around how to contain and vaccinate the feral horses.


Public Safety

  • A documented vehicle collision occurred in September 2025, resulting in the death of one of the feral stallions.
  • Horses can weigh up to 1,500 lbs., creating significant hazards on roadways.
  • Stallions may be aggressive and territorial, especially near homes.
  • Horse bites are extremely strong — capable of crushing bone without breaking the skin.
  • Dogs and horses do not mix well; protective instincts around foals increase risk to both animals.


Legal and Jurisdiction Considerations

  • Horses are considered abandoned livestock, not wildlife. This differs from urban deer and other wildlife, which fall the authority under Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks.
  • Jurisdiction primarily falls to private landowners, county and state entities, not federal. The horses primarily being on private property is the main complicating factor; if they were on public land, government agencies would have clearer jurisdiction.
  • Relevant Montana Code Annotated sections:
    • Abandoned Horses: MCA § 81-4-5
    • Estray Horses: MCA § 81-4-6
    • Herd Districts: MCA § 81-4-3
    • Additional legal framework: Title 81, Livestock


Community Perspectives

  • Many residents value the horses and want to see them documented and monitored.
  • Others express concerns about safety, property damage, and disease transmission.
  • Local agricultural producers worry about the spread of disease and other impacts on domestic horses and business operations.

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Removed by moderator.

anna cassidy 16 days ago

Please listen to the overwhelming number of comments here in support of leaving these horses alone. They have been part of the Miller Creek landscape for decades and are a cherished part of what makes this area special. For many of us who live here, seeing them is a genuine joy and a reminder that we still share this place with wildlife. Based on the comments here, I am clearly not alone in feeling that way.

From a public safety standpoint, we should be encouraging people to respect wildlife, including these horses, rather than treating the horses themselves as the problem. Parents should teach their children to observe them from a distance, just as we do with deer, moose, bears, and other wildlife. Living in Montana means accepting some responsibility for safely coexisting with wild animals.

Concerns about vehicle collisions also seem misplaced. If safety is truly the priority, then slowing traffic in the neighborhood would do far more to protect people, pets, and wildlife than removing a small band of horses. Speeding has long been a concern in Miller Creek, and deer are a much more common source of vehicle collisions than these horses.

Most of us moved into this neighborhood long after these horses were already here. We chose to live in a place where wildlife is part of everyday life, and for many of us, these horses contribute to the character and sense of place that makes Miller Creek unique.

I struggle to understand why the County is treating this as a pressing issue when there are much larger challenges facing our community. If resources are going to be devoted to improving life in Miller Creek, I would much rather see attention given to issues like traffic safety and the cumulative impacts of continued residential development, including concerns about emergency access and evacuation. Those are issues that affect everyone who lives here every day.

wildriver 17 days ago

Removed by moderator.

benitawilliams 20 days ago

I'm a Miller Creek resident who is such a fan of this herd of horses. When they pay us a visit, they mind their own business and have no interest in bothering humans. They move much slower and are much easier to spot on the road. They just want to co-exist and share space. After all, the space was theirs first. Please do not round them up and put them up for auction. Please do not euthanize them. They have the most gentle presence and it's so grounding. When I'm surprised to go outside and find them nearby, it is such a grounding force. With no exaggeration, it truly makes my day. They help my mental health, which is always a struggle. Why can we not protect them as we protect other wildlife in Montana? Isn't that why we live in Montana? Stop driving them out of their own home. It's baby deer season, and you have to keep a much more careful eye out for them on the road, but nobody's petitioning to try to remove them. We love them. And I've never seen the horses anywhere near a busy road. They bring magic to the neighborhood, and I feel so lucky to co-exist in this space with them. Can we not try other things first, like decreasing and enforcing speed limits, putting signs on the roads, teaching children in school how to respect them, coming up with a coalition of people who want to contribute their time, expertise, and money. I was present at the hearing on June 11th, and it was so powerful to have a room full of people who feel similarly. I'll never forget the story told by the daughter-in-law of the man who had the road collision with one of the horses; she said she was there, that her father-in-law is a menace on the road and was surpassing the speed limit by a lot and was also on his phone. She said she'll never let her kids ride in a car with him anymore, and that he and his wife moved across the country. It was such a brave story to share, and really helped paint a vivid and painful story. None of that was the horse's fault. Can we not assign a group of some kind to be responsible for the horses if something like that were to happen again? I haven't lived in this neighborhood very long, and I've still felt heartbroken that the best neighbors I've ever had might be removed. Please listen to the people. We want to help, and we want to protect the horses and their home. They bring such beauty and wonder and awe and are more than welcome near my home. I've lived all over, but Montana is the only place I've ever been able to call home. I feel grateful every day for the nature surrounding us and the wildlife living amongst us. And whenever I say wildlife, I'm including the horses, even if it's insisted they be called feral and not wild. Thank you for listening and taking us seriously.

rainbowdark 21 days ago

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benitawilliams 25 days ago

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benitawilliams 25 days ago

Removed by moderator.

Danalbert 29 days ago

Removed by moderator.

emailjade12 29 days ago

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emailjade12 29 days ago

I am not a resident of the Miller Creek area, so my personal opinion on the horses' presence may be less relevant here. However, I am a resident of Missoula County, and I do have comments within the scope of this draft resolution.

The draft resolution is largely a restatement of existing state law, drawing heavily on MCA Title 81, Chapter 4, Part 5. Because the proposed process relies substantially on existing statutory authority, it is important that the resolution clearly explain how it relates to and interacts with that authority.

First, Section 3 creates a new county-designated “Official” through whom landowners must proceed before exercising rights otherwise established under state law. The resolution does not explain why this additional bureaucratic layer is necessary, what benefit it provides to residents of the Miller Creek area, what responsibilities the Official will perform beyond those already assigned by statute, or how the position will be funded.

Second, the resolution should clarify how the proposed process relates to MCA 81-4-503, which establishes a mandatory roundup process upon petition. The draft does not indicate whether that statutory process remains fully available to affected landowners or how the two procedures would interact.

Third, Section 2 defines “Abandoned Horses” differently than MCA 81-4-501. The resolution should explain how the county’s definition relates to the statutory definition and whether any legal significance attaches to the difference.

Fourth, Section 7 places all costs on private landowners. However, MCA 81-4-512 establishes an Abandoned Horse Fund that may be available to offset some costs associated with abandoned horse management. The resolution should clarify whether and under what circumstances those funds may be available.

Finally, the process described in the draft resolution appears better suited to livestock operations with the facilities and personnel necessary to capture and hold horses. Many affected landowners in the Miller Creek area lack this infrastructure and may be unable to implement the process. Further, the resolution does not clarify what is to happen if the horses do not remain on a particular complainant’s property long enough for the “Official” to respond and allow the process to proceed. The resolution should address whether the proposed mechanism is realistically available to all residents who may want to use it.

Beau L. About 1 month ago

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benitawilliams About 1 month ago

I love the wild horses in our neighborhood !
Please leave them be - this has been their home for years and
They are very gentle , happy and healthy
People should be educated not to pet or feed them - I’m guessing that’s why the one child was kicked -
I feel lucky to live in a neighborhood that shares the land with these beautiful creatures !!

Raelynn About 1 month ago

This was posted on Missoula Cycling Facebook page in August, 2025:
For the 2nd time in less than a month we have run into loose horses on Upper Miller Creek. Last time they were just hanging out up near the top of the first climb and were not an issue for us per se. Just an odd sight, horses chilling out in the middle of the road.
Today, they were running panicked up the road just before Trails End and were a threat to anything in their path. We rode off into the ditch to avoid them and one barrel rolled over the barbed wire fence across from me, landed on its back and then ran off.
Another cyclist speculated that they were wild horses. Anyone know anything about this? Are they someone's horses that keep getting out? Are they wild? Having 8-10 full grown horses running up the road right at us was a bit frightening and I don't frighten easily

Jeffk About 1 month ago

I will just be short. Please leave the horses alone in Miller Creek.

Jeanne M About 1 month ago

The resolution does not address or present a realistic solution for the current safety concerns voiced by area residents - it puts the burden on people who had nothing to do with the problem and plays to the feelings of the people who like them here. This is not a campaign issue - it is a safety and health issue. The resolution as proposed turns your back on the real problem. It is not "if" but "when" the feral animals at large will create a disaster or health incident. I sincerely hope a school bus is not involved because the commissioner's failure to properly address the issue will be dually noted and litigated.

Steve E. About 1 month ago

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Delicia About 1 month ago

My Name is Shawndelle. I am a wild horse advocate in Helena Montana. Please don't remove the horses from Miller Creek with out trying some other things first. I have been around wild horses in Arizona as well as other states and have seen how they are managed there. I have connections with the management group in Arizona. Education is key here. People need to know what they should and should not do. For example, People need to stay at least 50 feet away if not more. For traffic post speed limit signs and signs to let people know there are horses in the area. I have other ideas you can do. I would love to meet with anyone who wants to discuss things you can do to protect both the horses and people. Feel free to send me a message at mtbluebird27@yahoo.com and we can set up a time to talk more in depth about what I know. I would be willing to come to Missoula to meet anyone and to help get a group of volunteers organized and to help educate people.

luvsmustangs About 1 month ago

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Delicia About 1 month ago

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Delicia About 1 month ago

Removed by moderator.

Delicia About 1 month ago
Page last updated: 15 Jun 2026, 11:03 AM